Hi aspirants, I hope you will be working hard every single day and taking every step needed to fulfill your dreams. It takes a lot of courage to work for your dreams. Don’t only think big, I would recommend you to act big too. Big thinking is of no use until and unless you take any action. So take the very first step in the direction of your dreams. Here are given 8 previous years’ questions, I hope you will like these. Don’t forget to add the spice of your value addition in this ready-made recipe. It will make it unique.
Q.) “I count him braver who overcomes his desires than him who overcomes his enemies.” – Aristotle. Bring out what it means in the present context. (UPSC ETHICS 2013, 10 markers).
Ans.) In the contemporary context, Aristotle’s quote underscores the supremacy of self-mastery over external conquest. It asserts that one’s ability to triumph over inner urges and impulses is a mark of greater courage than merely vanquishing external adversaries. In a world saturated with distractions, instant gratification, and material pursuits, the true test of bravery lies in the capacity to resist temptations and exercise restraint. This concept resonates profoundly in ethical dilemmas, decision-making, and personal growth.
In the digital age, where constant connectivity fosters fleeting desires, the individual who harnesses self-control to overcome the allure of social media, consumerism, or impulsive behaviors demonstrates a higher form of valor. Such restraint contributes to mental resilience, integrity, and ethical living. While triumphing over enemies may require strategic prowess, conquering one’s desires demands a deeper understanding of oneself and a commitment to enduring principles. Ultimately, Aristotle’s wisdom emphasizes the timeless importance of mastering oneself as the pinnacle of bravery and ethical evolution in the modern world.
Q.) Nearly all men can withstand adversity, but if you want to test a man’s character, give him power. – Abraham Lincoln. What it means in the present context. (UPSC ETHICS 2013, 10 markers).
Ans.) Abraham Lincoln’s quote remains profoundly relevant in the contemporary context, highlighting the transformative effect of power on an individual’s character. In an era characterized by complex social structures, advanced technology, and interconnected global dynamics, the quote’s essence persists as a poignant reminder.
Modern society grants individuals unprecedented access to power, whether through political authority, economic influence, or technological prowess. Lincoln’s assertion underscores that true character emerges when confronted with the ethical responsibilities and moral dilemmas that accompany power. The ability to wield authority with empathy, humility, and a sense of justice defines a person’s authenticity and integrity.
The quote also cautions against the allure of power, as it can amplify existing traits, both virtuous and flawed. Today, as information spreads rapidly and public scrutiny intensifies, the quote invites reflection on the behavior of leaders and individuals in positions of influence. It prompts society to evaluate how power is exercised, emphasizing the importance of fostering character development alongside the acquisition of authority.
Q.) There is enough on this earth for everyone’s needs but for no one’s greed. – Mahatma Gandhi. What it means in the present context. (UPSC ETHICS 2013, 10 markers).
Ans.) Mahatma Gandhi’s assertion retains its profound relevance in the present context, especially as humanity grapples with resource scarcity, environmental degradation, and economic disparities. In an age marked by rampant consumerism and insatiable greed, Gandhi’s words serve as a stark reminder of the need for sustainable and equitable practices.
In today’s interconnected world, technological advancements have enabled greater production and consumption, but they have also exacerbated the depletion of finite resources. The quote underscores the idea that the planet can provide for everyone’s basic needs if resources are managed responsibly and shared equitably. It challenges the prevailing mindset that perpetuates overconsumption, environmental degradation, and wealth inequality.
Gandhi’s wisdom resonates in discussions about climate change, social justice, and economic policies. It encourages a shift towards conscious consumption, responsible resource management, and inclusive economic models. Embracing this philosophy can lead to a harmonious balance between human progress and environmental preservation, ultimately fostering a just and sustainable world where the pursuit of need triumphs over the excesses of greed.
Q.) Which eminent personality has inspired you the most in the context of ethical conduct in life? Give the gist of his/her teachings give specific examples, and describe how you have been able to apply these teachings to your ethical development. (UPSC ETHICS 2014, 10 markers).
Ans.) One eminent personality who has profoundly shaped my ethical conduct as a civil servant is Mahatma Gandhi. His teachings encompass principles that hold immense relevance in public service. Gandhi’s emphasis on truth, nonviolence, and selflessness serves as a guiding light in my ethical journey.
Gandhi’s commitment to truth, even when facing adversity, has instilled in me the importance of transparency and honesty in my interactions as a civil servant. His practice of nonviolent resistance teaches me to handle conflicts and challenges with patience and empathy, seeking peaceful solutions for the greater good.
One notable example is Gandhi’s Salt March, where he led a nonviolent protest against the British salt tax. This exemplifies his ability to channel public sentiment into a peaceful movement for social change. Similarly, I strive to address public grievances and drive positive change through dialogue and constructive measures.
In my ethical development, I apply Gandhi’s teachings by maintaining a commitment to integrity, ensuring accountability, and prioritizing the welfare of the people I serve. His philosophy reminds me that ethical conduct isn’t just a set of rules, but a way of life that demands dedication to justice, empathy, and the well-being of all citizens.
Q.) “We can easily forgive a child who is afraid of the dark; the real tragedy of life is when men are afraid of the light.” What it means in the present context. (UPSC ETHICS 2015, 10 markers).
Ans.) In the present context, this quote by Plato underscores the significance of embracing knowledge, truth, and enlightenment, even when it challenges established beliefs or comforts. It highlights the contrast between the innocence of a child’s fear and the lamentable situation when adults avoid confronting uncomfortable realities.
In an era marked by rapid information dissemination and diverse perspectives, individuals often encounter unsettling truths and complex issues. The quote emphasizes that just as we readily forgive a child for fearing the dark due to their innocence, we should encourage a similar openness to confronting uncomfortable truths, even if they unsettle our preconceived notions.
Avoiding the metaphorical “light” of truth and understanding is the real tragedy, as it hinders personal growth, social progress, and ethical development. This quote encourages a culture of intellectual courage, where individuals willingly engage with differing viewpoints, challenge their assumptions, and seek the light of knowledge even when it exposes uncomfortable realities. In doing so, society can move towards greater enlightenment and collective well-being.
Q.) “The weak can never forgive, forgiveness is the attribute of the strong.” What it means in the present context. (UPSC ETHICS 2015, 10 markers).
Ans.) In the present context, this quote by Mahatma Gandhi holds a poignant message about the power of forgiveness and its connection to strength and resilience. It highlights that the act of forgiveness is not a sign of weakness, but rather a testament to the inner strength and character of an individual.
In today’s world, where conflicts, misunderstandings, and grievances abound, the quote encourages us to view forgiveness as an act of courage. The ability to forgive requires one to rise above personal pain and resentment, demonstrating emotional maturity and a capacity for empathy.
By forgiving, individuals demonstrate the strength to let go of negative emotions and heal both themselves and their relationships. Moreover, forgiveness has broader societal implications, as it can contribute to conflict resolution, social harmony, and the cultivation of a compassionate and understanding community.
In essence, the quote reminds us that true strength lies not in holding onto grudges or seeking revenge, but in the ability to extend forgiveness – a quality that reflects the depth of one’s character and the resilience to overcome challenges with grace and compassion.
Q.) Max Weber said that it is not wise to apply to public administration the sort of moral and ethical norms we apply to matters of personal conscience. It is important to realize that the State Bureaucracy might possess its independent bureaucratic morality. Critically analyze this statement. (UPSC ETHICS 2016, 10 markers).
Ans.) Max Weber’s assertion about different moral norms for public administration versus personal conscience warrants careful consideration. While his viewpoint recognizes the complexities of bureaucratic functioning, it also raises ethical concerns that demand critical examination.
The argument for a distinct bureaucratic morality is rooted in the need for efficiency, consistency, and impartiality in public administration. Bureaucracies often operate within legal and procedural frameworks, requiring officials to prioritize objective decision-making over personal values. This approach prevents favoritism and ensures the uniform application of rules.
However, the concept of independent bureaucratic morality raises ethical dilemmas. Detaching administrative actions from personal values may risk dehumanizing citizens and neglecting individual circumstances. It can lead to bureaucratic indifference, alienating citizens and eroding public trust.
A balanced approach entails harmonizing bureaucratic efficiency with ethical considerations. While some discretion is necessary, public officials must be guided by a set of shared ethical values to ensure fairness, empathy, and responsiveness. Thus, acknowledging the existence of bureaucratic morality is pertinent, but a robust ethical foundation is crucial to prevent potential abuses of power and maintain the integrity of public administration.
Q.) Corruption causes misuse of government treasury, Administrative inefficiency, and obstruction in the path of national development. Discuss Kautilya’s views. (UPSC ETHICS 2016, 10 markers).
Ans.) Kautilya, an ancient Indian philosopher, and strategist, articulated insightful views on corruption’s detrimental impact on governance and development. His ideas, found in the Arthashastra, resonate strongly with contemporary concerns.
Kautilya emphasized that corruption leads to misuse of the state treasury, diverting resources away from public welfare. He highlighted the importance of financial integrity to ensure efficient allocation of funds for infrastructure, social programs, and economic growth.
Administrative inefficiency is another consequence he foresaw. Corruption undermines meritocracy and incentivizes favoritism, eroding the quality of public services and obstructing effective governance.
Furthermore, Kautilya recognized that corruption hampers national development by creating an environment of distrust and instability. It fosters inequality, discourages investment, and impedes economic progress.
In the present context, Kautilya’s insights hold. To counter corruption’s multifaceted impacts, fostering transparent institutions, strengthening accountability mechanisms, and promoting ethical leadership remain essential strategies for achieving sustainable development and effective governance.
Good luck!🤘
Have a nice day ahead.👍